



   TAR(1) TAR(1)


   NAME
   tar - The GNU version of the tar archiving utility
   
   tar - tar ļ GNU 汾


   SYNOPSIS 
   tar [ - ] A --catenate --concatenate | c --create | d
   --diff --compare | r --append | t --list | u --update | x
   -extract --get [ --atime-preserve ] [ -b, --block-size N ]
   [ -B, --read-full-blocks ] [ -C, --directory DIR ] [
   --checkpoint ] [ -f, --file [HOSTNAME:]F ] [ --force-
   local ] [ -F, --info-script F --new-volume-script F ] [
   -G, --incremental ] [ -g, --listed-incremental F ] [ -h,
   --dereference ] [ -i, --ignore-zeros ] [ --ignore-failed-
   read ] [ -k, --keep-old-files ] [ -K, --starting-file F ]
   [ -l, --one-file-system ] [ -L, --tape-length N ] [ -m,
   --modification-time ] [ -M, --multi-volume ] [ -N,
   --after-date DATE, --newer DATE ] [ -o, --old-archive,
   --portability ] [ -O, --to-stdout ] [ -p, --same-permis-
   sions, --preserve-permissions ] [ -P, --absolute-paths ] [
   --preserve ] [ -R, --record-number ] [ --remove-files
   ] [ -s, --same-order, --preserve-order ] [ --same-owner ]
   [ -S, --sparse ] [ -T, --files-from F ] [ --null ] [
   --totals ] [ -v, --verbose ] [ -V, --label NAME ] [
   --version ] [ -w, --interactive, --confirmation ] [ -W,
   --verify ] [ --exclude FILE ] [ -X, --exclude-from FILE
   ] [ -y, --bzip2, --bunzip2 ] [ -Z, --compress, --uncom-
   press ] [ -z, --gzip, --ungzip ] [ --use-compress-
   program PROG ] [ --block-compress ] [ -[0-7][lmh] ]

   filename1 [ filename2, ... filenameN ] filenameļ

   directory1 [ directory2, ...directoryN ] directory·

   DESCRIPTION
   
   This manual page documents the GNU version of tar , an
   archiving program designed to store and extract files from
   an archive file known as a tarfile. A tarfile may be made
   on a tape drive, however, it is also common to write a
   tarfile to a normal file. The first argument to tar must
   be one of the options: Acdrtux, followed by any optional
   functions. The final arguments to tar are the names of
   the files or directories which should be archived. The use
   of a directory name always implies that the subdirectories
   below should be included in the archive.

   tar ڴչ tar 浵ļڽĵڴŴ ͬҲԴΪͨļtar
   ҪģѡĲAcdrtuxʹtarʱΪ tarָһȻ
   󣬱ָҪļ·ָһ··µĿ¼浵

   Ӧþ

   1չ abc.tar.gz ʹ tar xvzf abc.tar.gz

   չ abc.tar ʹ tar xvf abc.tar

   2ǰ·µ man Ŀ¼Ŀ¼Ϊ man.tar

   tar cf man.tar ./man



   FUNCTION LETTERS
   One of the following
   options must be used:
   ˵
   tarʱҪʹвеһ

   -A, --catenate, --concatenate
   append tar files to an archive
   һ浵еĴ浵ϲ

   -c, --create
   create a new archive
   һµĴ浵


   -d, --diff, --compare
   find differences between archive and file system
   Ƚϴ浵뵱ǰļĲ֮ͬ

   --delete
   delete from the archive (not for use on mag tapes!)
   Ӵ浵ɾ(ɾŴϵĴ浵)

   -r, --append
   append files to the end of an archive
   ӵ浵β

   -t, --list
   list the contents of an archive
   г浵ļĿ¼

   -u, --update
   only append files that are newer than copy in archive
   µļӵ浵

   -x, --extract, --get
   extract files from an archive
   Ӵ浵չļ

   OTHER OPTIONS
   

   --atime-preserve
   don't change access times on dumped files
   ıתļĴȡʱ 

   -b, --block-size N
   block size of Nx512 bytes (default N=20)
   ָСΪ Nx512 ֽڣȱʡ N=20)

   -B, --read-full-blocks
   reblock as we read (for reading 4.2BSD pipes)
   ȡʱ飨4.2BSDʹã
   -C, --directory DIR
   change to directory DIR
   浽ָ·

   --checkpoint
   print directory names while reading the archive
   ȡ浵ʱʾ·

   -f, --file [HOSTNAME:]F
   use archive file or device F (default /dev/rmt0)
   ָ浵豸 (ȱʡ /dev/rmt0)
   --force-local
   archive file is local even if has a colon
   ǿʹñش浵ڿ¡

   -F, --info-script F --new-volume-script F
   run script at end of each tape (implies -M)
   ÿ̽βʹýű F  -M
   -G, --incremental
   create/list/extract old GNU-format incremental backup
   /б/ͷ  GNU ʽ

   -g, --listed-incremental F
   create/list/extract new GNU-format incremental backup
   /б/ͷ  GNU ʽ

   -h, --dereference
   don't dump symlinks; dump the files they point to
   ת̬ӣתָ̬ļ


   22 September 1993 2





   TAR(1) TAR(1)


   -i, --ignore-zeros
   ignore blocks of zeros in archive (normally mean EOF)
   Դ浵е 0 ֽڿ飨ͨζļ

   --ignore-failed-read
   don't exit with non-zero status on unreadable files
   ڲɶļ 0 Ǻ~˳~<˳_409>

   -k, --keep-old-files
   keep existing files; don't overwrite them from archive
   ļӴ浵չʱи

   -K, --starting-file F
   begin at file F in the archive
   Ӵ浵ļ F ʼ

   -l, --one-file-system
   stay in local file system when creating an archive
   ڱļϵͳд浵

   -L, --tape-length N
   change tapes after writing N*1024 bytes
   д N*1024 ֽںͣȴ~~<Ŵ_409>

   -m, --modification-time
   don't extract file modified time
   һлָļʱ~ʹµ~<޸_409>ʱǩ

   -M, --multi-volume
   create/list/extract multi-volume archive
   <г/ͷ_409>浵,Աڼд

   -N, --after-date DATE, --newer DATE
   only store files newer than DATE
   洢ʱµļ

   -o, --old-archive, --portability
   write a V7 format archive, rather than ANSI format
    V7 ʽ浵 ANSI ʽ

   -O, --to-stdout
   extract files to standard output
   ļչ׼

   -p, --same-permissions, --preserve-permissions
   extract all protection information
   չ<>Ϣ

   -P, --absolute-paths
   don't strip leading `/'s from file names
   Ҫļȥ '/'

   --preserve
   like -p -s
    -p -s 

   -R, --record-number
   show record number within archive with each message
   ʾϢʱͬʱʾ浵еļ¼

   --remove-files
   remove files after adding them to the archive
   浵ɾԴļ

   -s, --same-order, --preserve-order
   list of names to extract is sorted to match archive
   <ͷļб浵ƥļ_409>

   --same-owner
   create extracted files with the same ownership
   չԺʹļͬһ

   -S, --sparse
   handle sparse files efficiently
   Ч

   -T, --files-from F
   get names to extract or create from file F
   ļеõҪչҪļ

   --null
   -T reads null-terminated names, disable -C
   ȡսļʹ -C ʧЧ 

   --totals
   print total bytes written with --create
   ʾ --create дֽ

   -v, --verbose
   verbosely list files processed
   ϸʾļ

   -V, --label NAME
   create archive with volume name NAME
   Ϊ浵ָ
   --version
   print tar program version number
   ʾ tar İ汾

   -w, --interactive, --confirmation
   ask for confirmation for every action
   ÿҪȷ

   -W, --verify
   attempt to verify the archive after writing it
   д浵У

   --exclude FILE
   exclude file FILE
   ָļ

   -X, --exclude-from FILE
   exclude files listed in FILE
   ָļж벻ļб

   -y, --bzip2, --bunzip2
   filter the archive through bzip2
    bzip2 Դ浵ѹѹ

   -Z, --compress, --uncompress
   filter the archive through compress
    compress Դ浵ѹѹ 
   -z, --gzip, --ungzip
   filter the archive through gzip
    gzip Դ浵ѹѹ 
   --use-compress-program PROG
   filter the archive through PROG (which must accept -d)
    PROG Դ浵ѹѹ ( PROG ܽ -d 
   --block-compress
   block the output of compression program for tapes
   Ϊڴ̴洢¼浵
   -[0-7][lmh]
   specify drive and density
   ָܶ[е
